When the engine light comes on the ECM stores a snapshot of all the data readings from every sensor. STAR - and indeed any OBDII data code reader - can view that snapshot and the operator can see which sensor was showing an abnormality at the very moment your car's computer identified trouble. In many cases the fault code can reveal the very nature of the sensor's complaint, more than just "a judder" it could show "misfire cylinder No 4" or something.
Your garage should have reported the fault indication to you before cancelling the fault code by resetting the light, but perhaps they thought it might be a temporary glitch worthy of a second try?
As the car is a C32 I think it's a good idea to begin with the inlet air temperature (IAT) value recorded at the moment the engine light came on and the ECM went into limp mode.
Jerry