Well, the cars are so complex that there is almost always no way of working out what is wrong without using the manufacturer's approved diagnostic system as it gives you active faults and stuff that has occurred in the past. Once you have a report you need someone with some skill and experience to interpret the info into faults that matter and those that have occurred for some other reason (such as a low battery) and can be *safely* ignored (i.e wont give you a problem another day).
And, since we have a genuine Mercedes system I can tell you it is *very* expensive.
So the diagnostic charge is paying for the use of a very expensive machine and the skill and expertise (and time) of the person using it.
So, if you want to refuse the diagnostic and pay for the mechanic just to swop everything until the car works again, you are welcome to decide you don't want to pay for diagnosis !
Cheers
Richard