Here's my experience so far with an E55 exhaust system (including headers) and the steps I have taken
1. Sec decat delete with X-pipe, sound become deeper at 3k+ no difference at low rpm and still very quiet in comparison to a CLS/CL/SL 55K
2. SS "Shorty" Headers slightly increased noise at 2-3k with more burble again still very quiet compared to a CLS/CL/SL 55K
3. 3 inch exhaust with the above SS headers, no Pri or Sec cats X Pipe and standard rear boxes you can hear my car here
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SpP0Tb9lOiY still not as loud as most CLS/CL/SL 55K's typically hits 102db. I still hate the sound!
3. All above but replaced headers with Long Tube Headers more burble now hits 104db
4. As per 3 but with standard rear boxes removed and "freeflow straight though" boxes added. CRAP what a noise it made the workman opposite EMP jump out of his skin. Sound level 116db, it was to much took them off and standard boxes back on.
So if I was to do it all again on an E55
For performance only not worried about sound
Kleemann Headers, Primary decat, no center box (it had 0.3 bar of back pressure)
For sound only
Change the rear boxes with C63 boxes or open the standard ones and remove some of the wadding (not sure if that is an accurate description but you know what I mean)
For a mixture of both performance and sound that wont break the bank
Primary decat and change rear boxes!