From the manual (for my 2019 car, anyway):
Vehicles with automatic transmission:
The electric parking brake is applied if the transmission is in position
and one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
- The engine is switched off.
- The seat belt tongue is not inserted in the seat belt buckle of the driver's seat and the driver's door is opened.
To prevent application: pull the handle of the electric parking brake.
In the following situations, the electric parking brake is also applied:
- Active Distance Assist DISTRONIC is bringing the vehicle to a standstill.
- The HOLD function is keeping the vehicle stationary.
- Active Parking Assist is keeping the vehicle stationary.
This is the case if one of the following conditions is also fulfilled:
- The engine is switched off.
- The seat belt tongue is not inserted in the seat belt buckle of the driver's seat and the driver's door is opened.
- There is a system malfunction.
- The power supply is insufficient.
- The vehicle is stationary for a lengthy period.
When the electric parking brake is applied, the red
indicator lamp appears in the instrument cluster.
The electric parking brake is not automatically applied if the engine is switched off by the ECO start/stop function.