...or 4 years, whichever comes first
As we all know, the manufacturer's service schedule is not an exact science, it's a guesstimate at best, because obviously the manufacturer can't predict the exact operating conditions for each vehicle.
BTW, my main concern when it comes to vehicles with missing or no service history isn't to do with engine damage as result of a late filter change, but with the fact that the car was being run on shoestring budget, which makes you wonder what other corners may have been cut (use of poor-quality suspension parts? Non-MB NOx sensors? Emulator for the front passenger seat occupancy sensor? Gutted DPF? Etc).
But this is only a consideration if selling the car.