Iyse - a few things!
That size tyre is WRONG for a W202 on 18s! With a 40 profile, you are looking at a 225 section tyre. I have staggered 18" AMG Monoblock Style IIs (8J front, 9J rear) running 225/40/18s on the front, and 255/35/18 rear. 245/40/18s would be too big, 245/40/17s would be fine (on the rear that is!).
Welcome to the deep pockets big tyres brigade! Hardly makes any real difference in price between tyres for 17" or 18" wheels, they are both big bucks! For a set of proper tyres (ie, not penny pincher no-name russian ones!), you are looking at around £600-800. You may save around 10-20% by going for 17s, but not a lot in it IMHO.
Also, when you are spending the wrong side of £500 for a set of tyres, it is probably worth your while getting a wheel allignment check - if you wear a tyre out quicker it will cost you more than the check/adjustment would have done.
Try and stick with proper OEM wheels. Aftermarket wheels are often of poor quality - the exceptions being very high quality wheels, such as Brabus, Carlsson etc (made specifically for Mercedes vehicles). The other problem you may encounter is fitting issues (offset, width etc) I would choose a good condition second hand set of OEM wheels over new aftermarket rims every time.
Before you lay your money down for anything, ask around first (on here would be a good idea!
). My point being that if the tyre shop can't even get the tyre sizes right, what is the chance of them choosing wheels that fit properly!
With regards to wear - well it depends on a number of factors, but I suppose overall you would expect the fronts to go on the outside edges first, and the rears tend to wear the middles first. If you go for the same size wheels/tyres all round, you can rotate them around and perhaps get slightly more miles out of them. At the end of the day, if tyre wear and the cost of them are a problem, 17s or 18s may not be for you. I don't do huge miles in my W202, and am comfortable knowing that my tyres should last me a fair while (for the cost of them I am hoping so!)
HTH,
Cheers,
Will