Starters and Alternators: Common Misdiagnosis | KnowYourParts
QUOTE:-
Bad diodes are a common cause of alternator failure. The diodes are part of the rectifier assembly that converts the alternator’s AC output to DC. The alternator’s charging output flows through six diodes in the rectifier assembly before it goes to the battery and electrical system. Consequently, the higher the charging load, the hotter they get.
Normal driving and charging loads won’t burn out the diodes, but infrequent driving and short trip nighttime driving with lights and other accessories on can increase charging loads and significantly shorten their life.
The charging output of the alternator drops when diodes fail. If only one or two diodes have failed, the alternator may still produce enough current to meet the vehicle’s electrical needs, but it may not be enough to keep up with higher loads or keep the battery fully charged. This could cause the battery to run down over time.
Diode failures may also allow AC current to leak into the electrical system. AC voltage creates electrical “noise” that can confuse electronic modules and digital communications. A leaky diode also can allow current to drain out of the battery through the alternator when the vehicle is not being driven.