Just copied this, it would appear that it is down to additives that are added to the tanker load after it has filled with diesel
If you actually go to any refinery (like Fawley, which is owned by Shell) and watch the tankers loading up, you will see they DO all load from the same bunker. It doesn't matter who the fuel is for, it actually does all comes form the same place. A Shell tanker will follow a Tescos tanker, which will follow a Morrisons tanker, etc. I know, because I've watched them...
However, the actual differences come AFTER each tanker has been loaded. Every fuel company has their own blend of additives, which is added to the tanker after loading the fuel.
It's those additives that make the difference - NOT the fuel itself.
EDIT - The additives are added at the refinery, after the tankers have loaded with fuel. Each company (Shell, Tesco or whoever) has their own blend of detergents, boosters, etc. It's solely that combination that changes the characteristics of the fuel you buy, depending on where you buy it.
So it might have something added to it or it might not but diesel is diesel were ever you get it, there is nothing other than shell who say there's is superior and the same goes for bp and everyone else. Around here the shell is the same price as tesco's so maybe they don't add it in Cornwall