If you look in the 'Technical Data' section of your owners' handbook ( pages 446/447 in my copy ) , it lists all the applicable wheel and tyre combinations for the range of C Class estates .
15" wheels are only applicable for the C200CDI , C180 Kompressor , C200 Kompressor , and C220 CDI - so I hope your car is one of these ?
For all models further up the range ( and the ones listed above ) 16" wheels are specified by the manufacturer , and for some of the 5 and 6 cylinder models 17" wheels are also specified .
My C270CDI runs 205/55 R16V tyres all round ; I also discarded the 'space saver' spare wheel and purchased a 7Jx16 H2 ET37 steel spare wheel to which I fitted a fifth identical tyre to match those on my four road wheels . I could have fitted 205/50 R16V tyres onto the same wheels , but opted for the narrower/higher aspect ratio tyres since ride comfort is more important to me than ultimate dry grip , and the narrower tyres will also fare better in wet weather/snow than the 225's . I ran the car through the winter on the standard Bridgestone Turanza's I bought at the end of last year ( these are not winter tyres ) and had no difficulty whatsoever on icy/snow covered roads , despite tales of woe from many on various internet forums about the allegedly poor capabilities of modern Mercedes cars in winter conditions .
Re your wish for a 'sporty rear look' , bear in mind that a small minority of W203 estates have self levelling suspension which was an optional extra and this can be adjusted to change the rear ride height .
Bear in mind that if you opt for a 'staggered' wheel setup with different sized wheels/tyres front and rear , your spare will only be correct for one end of the car ( unless you decide to carry two spare wheels , or stick with the spacesaver which restricts you to limited distance/speed since it is only really intended to enable you to limp to the nearest tyre depot ) .
Here are a couple of pics of my car sitting on 16" wheels
Those pictures ( in which I think the car is still sitting reasonably level , although the back end is higher when unladen ) were taken with a boot pretty well-filled with photographic and video gear , the first time I used it in earnest ! I've since had it even more full with the back seats dropped and the whole rear end filled with photo/video/PA kit/generator and more ; it is noticeably less roomy than my W124 estates were !