I can't see how the legal or dictionary definition of 'manufacture' is related to the OP's question.
MB sell MB-Branded bolts (and other MB-Branded parts). The OP's question was whether it is possible to buy an identical part from a generic bolts supplier.
To my mind the correct answer would be:
'Yes' if you know the spec to which the MB bolt was made - by whoever made it (which is in effect 'no' because it seems that the spec of the bolt is not published by MB)
'Yes' if the MB-branded part also carries the OE manufacturer's Part Number in addition to the MB Part Number - as is the case with Bosch parts for example (which is again is in effect 'no', because in this case the bolt apparently does not carry the original manufacturer's Part Number)
'No' if the specification of the bolt is unknown and there is no mark to identity the OE manufacturer and the OE Part Number.
Now the ins and outs of the Tier-1 Automotive supply chain is an intriguing subject by itself - and I have some first hand knowledge of it having contracted for Delphi Diesel Systems for 12 years (they were Lucas Diesel Systems when I started working with them, then Lucas-Varity, then TRW, then Delphi, now privately owned...), working in their Gillingham and Sudbury plants - but not related to the OP and before we know it yet another thread goes into Hyper-Space (something I admit to have been occasionally guilty off in the past).
So the short answer - to my mind, other may differ - is 'no, you can not buy an identical bolt if you do not know the spec or the manufacturer'.